How The Federal Government Should Proceed With Childcare...

The most important issue in relation to Canadian families today is the debate over how the federal government should proceed with childcare reforms. It is my stance that a universal early childhood education and care program (ECEC) is undeniably in the best interest of both Canadian families, as well as the country as a whole. I will attempt to prove this by contrasting Canada Needs an Early Childhood Education and Care Program by Michael Krashinsky, who advocates for an ECEC program, and Equal Benefit to Children: What it Really Means by Beverley Smith, who instead supports a universal credit for families to allow them to pursue whichever form of care that they feel is best. This paper will conclude with further critical analysis, as well as my justified stance that the ECEC program is clearly superior. 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However, some still view their employees as variable costs of production, while physical assets are treatedRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestogether the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbookRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesappropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 20 05 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material

Does Smoking Cause Lung Cancer Essay - 1294 Words

INTRODUCTION Its a proven fact. Each year more Americans die from lung cancer and other smoking related diseases than they die from aids, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer. Each year more than 30,000 people will die of lung cancer and 4 out of 5 of them will get it because of cigarette smoke. Studies have proven that there is no safe way to smoke. Tobacco contains many dangerous cancer causing chemicals that affects the lungs of the smoker and the nonsmoker, so smoking just a little amount can increase your chances of getting lung cancer. The Surgeon General has said that smoking is the single most important†¦show more content†¦If you smoke, you are more likely to develop the disease. Men who smoke are 22 times more likely to develop lung cancer, while women who smoke are estimated to be 12 times more likely. The earlier you start smoking and the longer you smoke inc reases the danger. But if you stop smoking, the risk of cancer falls each year as abnormal cells are replaced by normal cells. In ten years, the risks decreases to a level that is 30 to 50 percent of the risk for people who continue to smoke. Thats why its important for young people to never start smoking. WHAT SMOKING DOES TO YOUR LUNGS Cigarette smoke contains many dangerous chemicals. Carbon monoxide robs your blood of oxygen and may encourage build-up of deposits in your arteries. Nicotine is an addictive agent. Tar contains cancer causing chemicals which tend to build up in lung tissue. The Healthy Lung The air we inhale enters the lungs through tubes called bronchi. These branch into the smaller brochioles and finally into tiny air sacs, the aveoli. The average lung has more that 300 million of these air sacs, which provides a combined area of more than 750 square feet for oxygen to be absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled. To some extent our breathing apparatus can can clean itself. Mucus produced by some cells in the bronchi traps unfamiliar material, andShow MoreRelatedDoes Smoking Cause Lung Cancer? Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans die from lung cancer and other smoking related diseases than they die from aids, drug abuse, car accidents and homicide, combined. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cigarette smoking is a danger to our life and health. It is the leading known cause of lung cancer. Each year more than 30,000 people will die of lung cancer and 4 out of 5 of them will get it because of cigarette smoke. Studies have proven that there is no safe way to smoke. Tobacco contains many dangerous cancer causing chemicalsRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer known throughout the world. The most common suspect of that is smoking, then what happens to the people who inhales the smokers’ smoke? Are they also at risk for developing lung cancer from being a victim? The answer to that right now is that secondhand smoke alone is just a risk factor, there are no evidence right now that currently show that secondhand smoke alone can cause lung cancer by itself. This means that we need to encourage studies that areRead MoreThe Effects of Smoking on the Body Essay748 Words   |  3 Pagesof Smoking on the Body Almost one third of the World’s population are smokers for one reason or another, appearance, reduce stress etc. However, I, and many others, find it very difficult to believe smoking can aid anyone’s appearance as it encourages early ageing, and I do not believe that any of the risks that smoking has is worth any amount of stress relief that it can provide. Cigarette smoking can have serious health effects on the human body. Smoking causesRead MoreShould Smoking Be Banned?1457 Words   |  6 PagesBan the Cancer Sticks Lung cancer has increased within the past decade; one of the biggest reasons is that more and more people smoke now than they have in the past. Smoking causes damage not only in the lungs, but also in the body, lips, or inside the mouth. Even though smoking does harm your body there are some good things that come from smoking. Like it can lower the risk of obesity, and knee replacement surgery. There are different types of lung cancer one for smoking and the other, nonsmokingRead MoreLung Cancer : Causes And Effects1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States and worldwide is lung cancer. Lung cancer is responsible for thirty percent of cancer deaths in the United States. The deaths caused by breast cancer, colon cancer and prostate cancer combined do not add up to the deaths that lung cancer causes. In 2007, 158,683 people, 88,243 men and 70,354 women died from lung cancer in the United States (Eldridge, 2012). Out of the 158,683 people that died from lung cancer in 2007, 135Read MoreThe Effect of Smoking on Health Essay example670 Words   |  3 PagesThe Effect of Smoking on Health â€Å"Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture of more than 4,000 chemicals in the form of gases, particles or both. 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Nowadays, about 402,324 Americans have lung cancer. In 2014, the newly diagnosed lung cancer cases are 224,210, they represent 13% of all cancer diagnosis (ACS, 2014). Lung cancer affects old people and always they diagnosed in the last five years of their life. Around 80% of people who live with lung cancer their ages more than 60 years (USNIH, 2011). In KentuckyRead MoreLung Cancer : The Most Common Types Of Cancer896 Words   |  4 PagesTitle Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, but more importantly, it has a very low survival rate. The sad truth is that nearly all cases of lung cancer could have been prevented, simply by not smoking. Mr. Ward is a perfect example of this in the case study. Having smoked for approximately 67 years, it was only a matter of time before he developed some type of cancer, in this case lung cancer. This paper will describe how lung cancer, specifically squamous cell cancer of the right

The Story of My Life in 400 Words Free Essays

Let me start off by saying that writing essays isn’t really my cup of tea. I find it really difficult to begin as there are so many different ways to do it. I can start with, â€Å"One day†¦Ã¢â‚¬  but then it would be too common. We will write a custom essay sample on The Story of My Life in 400 Words or any similar topic only for you Order Now Finding the right way to start a composition, for me, is the most taxing thing in the world to do. Then, there’s also the problem of choosing which items to include and disregard. If the limit of words is four hundred then I must choose the words carefully. Otherwise, I might go over without getting my message across. Do you understand my dilemma? You might find this weird coming from someone who makes students write their stories. If they would only find out then that would make me the laughing-stock of the whole school. I won’t waste your time anymore with this senseless talk and start with what I’m supposed to write about. Everything started one Monday morning in November of 1975. This was when I made my entry to this world. I believe I made my parents really happy just by being here. Then there was elementary. It’s where I learned about social interaction. I discovered that if I’m nice to people then I’ll make more friends but if I’m not, then life will be lonely and miserable. From high school I learned that spending some time in making myself look presentable is important if I want to attract the attention of people from the opposite sex. Oh, yes! There’s also college. In the university, I learned that we really live in a dog eat dog world. Competition is stiff and you must learn to cope otherwise you won’t survive. Despite of this, I learned to really fall in love for the first time. I won’t really go into too much details as I would have to write another 400-word composition for this topic alone. After college, I tried my hand on a lot of different things. Off the top of my head, I remember working as a project assistant, administrative assistant, senior clerk and customer service representative to name just a few. It wasn’t until I tried my hand on teaching that I found my calling. Teaching is not for the weak of heart. You must be able to endure several heartaches and some disappointments before you can reap its rewards. But mind you, the rewards are tremendous. Being able to make a difference in the lives of your students is what it really is about. I can’t think of any other way to live my life. How to cite The Story of My Life in 400 Words, Essays

Avail online Free Sample solution for Nursing Australian Society

Question: What type of support surface is the most effective in preventing pressure ulcers in patients admitted to the acute care setting? Answer: Background The Australian society is diverse as it comprises of a variety of populations experiences regarding different diseases. One of the most prevalent conditions of illness is due to the occurrence of pressure ulcers (McInnes et al. 2015). It is a wound in which the death of the skin and the underlying tissues occurs due to the pressure which is not relieved. There are several factors that contribute to the progression of pressure ulcers. A pressure ulcer can develop within twenty four hours of the preliminary pressure. It is very painful and causes immense suffering to the patient. The patients quality of life gets affected. The treatments of ulcers might require surgical methods like colostomies, amputations and debridement (Demarr et al. 2013). Therefore, the healthcare sector has categorized the patients from the non-English backgrounds, as the patients who belong from the background which is culturally and linguistically diverse and particularly includes the Indigenous and migrant ba ckgrounds. It is quite annoying and challenging for the nursing experiences and it is quite complex for professionals of nursing to tackle the patients who are suffering from pressure ulcers and are admitted to the acute care setting in Australia (Engels et al. 2016). The explicit and severe challenges that are experienced by the nursing professionals include barriers of language, delivery of quality care, bureaucratic system of healthcare, relationship with the patient and the nurses, together with dealing with their personal and family stress. Attaining the knowledge of treatment is considered necessary for the nurses in all the aspects. This can be performed by the recognition on the basis of knowledge in the place of work and comprises of the sources such as health workers, the patients as well as their families, who can extensively assist in attaining the knowledge (Schoeps et al. 2016). This assessment is concerned with the nurses who face acute challenges while working with t he patients suffering from pressure ulcers and includes a systematic review of significant literature. Research Question What type of support surface is the most effective in preventing pressure ulcers in patients admitted to the acute care setting? A question of research characteristically assists to direct and guide a program of research. Hence, it has to be clear as well as focused and it should encompass the combining of the different resources for presenting the argument. Formulation of a question that is associated with research should encompass the execution of preliminary research for obtaining a general idea of the subject, based on the journals which are peer-reviewed. In order to formulate question, the framework of PICO has been utilized (Mallah et al. 2015). The PICO framework is applied in the evidence-based practice for framing the questions which are associated with the healthcare sector. It is also used to develop the strategies of literature search. The acronym of PICO is as follows: P- Population or Patient I- Intervention C- Comparison O- Outcomes The questions that are clear and well-focused are necessary to search the significant evidence and identify the correct resources. Hence, the framework of PICO assists in the identification of the most important elements associated with the questions and makes the statement of the question relevant (Chaboyer and Gillespie 2014). In this assessment, the comparison is not included due to lack of its scope. Therefore, the framework utilized in this assessment is PIO framework, which only considers the patient/population, intervention and outcome. The PIO acronym utilized for this assessment is as follows: P- Patients admitted to the acute care setting I-Support surface O- Preventing pressure ulcers The development of a research question is involved with the concept of developing a research hypothesis. Predictions were made about the phenomenon of research examination which forms the research foundation. Specific predictions were made with the help of hypothesis with respect to the direction and nature of the association that exists in the between two different variables. In order to draft the Question of research in the assessment, insight was given to the research hypothesis that stated the acute challenges that are faced by the nurses while tacking the patients suffering from pressure ulcers on a daily basis. The testable and quantifiable parameters were evaluated and included the individuals of different population. At the end, the experience of the staff was taken into consideration that helped to draft the final question, integrating the other two hypotheses and resulted in the stating of the research question What type of support surface is the most effective in preventin g pressure ulcers in patients admitted to the acute care setting? Importance of Research Question The process of research is initiated by having an interest in a particular or specific topic. Though, the familiarity with the subject defines the correct question of research. The scarcity of the apparent knowledge raises the question within the area of study and the importance of the research question is defined by investigational research. It is necessary to identify the boundary between the lacks of knowledge and the apparent knowledge that assists to find out the clinical doubts rationalizing the significance of the research question. In this assessment, the importance of the research question lies in the actuality that it assists to find the type of support surface is the most effective in preventing pressure ulcers in patients admitted to the acute care setting. According to the framework of health service for the patients admitted to the acute care setting in Australia, it has been discovered that a large number of individuals are suffering from pressure ulcers. These figures are expected to increase further in future as well as present challenges for the providers of healthcare service with respect to requirements of support and devices that are safe in terms of all the aspects (Fleming 2015). Because of the larger diversity populations residing in Australia, a variety of challenges come into view for the professionals of nursing that are persuaded by the appropriate responses and individual goals of health. The explicit factors of challenging include the cultural, environmental, spiritual, social, economic and emotional that intertwines across the diverse profiles of healthy in a variety of ways to influence the behavior of the patients together with their family members and verify the role of the nursing professionals in supporting the t reatment and providing care (Lachenbruch et al. 2016).. The challenges that are faced by the nurses while providing care to the pressure ulcer patients of different backgrounds encompass the patients together with their families. The major challenges comprises of communication, assessment, restrictions of working with the interpreters and the provision of holistic care. Privacy and education are the issues that were associated with the patients. Aggression and visiting were the issues with the family members of the patients who are admitted to the acute care setting. Types of workers of health, obligation of the health officials as well as flexibility of the organization are the issues with the system of healthcare (Huang et al. 2015). The willingness of commitment and the stipulation of care are the keys to the care of the patients who are admitted to the acute care setting. The nurses have a conventional sight of the patient. In order to improve the proficiency of the nurses with respect to the care of the patients with ulcers and provide them the treatments like static support surfaces and dynamic support surfaces to a much more extent. Experience could assist the nurses in this aspect by developing knowledge within the episodes of care by facing inconsistent challenges. By means of a proper training along with education, the development of understanding and knowledge of care for the patients who are suffering from pressure ulcers is essential (Barry and Nugent 2015). Search Strategy The search strategy is initiated with the searching of a database from which the data is gathered in a structured manner. The available data is arranged in terms of a model that supports the processes and it requires collection of information. In this assessment, the collected of data has been done with the help of PubMed. It is a free search engine along with the accessing of the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts. The database is maintained by the United States National Library of Medicine in association with the National Institutes of Health for retrieval of information. The next step of the search strategy is involved with the identification of the keywords. This assessment utilized the PIO strategy for the database search string along with its implementation. Appropriate keywords were utilized in variety of combinations as indicated by the framework for searching the database and extracting the research articles that are required for answering the articles of research. The identification of relevant keywords was performed by utilizing the PICO framework and it assisted comprehensively to combine the appropriate search terms with respect to the research articles. The role of connecting words has been played by the Boolean operators that are positioned between the search terms to narrow or expand the search. In this assessment, the Boolean operators utilized are AND, NOT and OR. AND helps to find the citations that are comprised of all of the specific keywords. NOT assists to find the citations that contain specific keywords. OR helps to find the citations that contain either of the keywords that are specific. A stepwise guide to use the Boolean operators and keywords for searching the selected database is search string. The search strings like? and * have been utilized on a trial and error basis for searching the appropriate articles. Truncation was utilized for expanding the process of search as it helped in the identification of variations in the words. The symbols utilized for the search were?,*and $ as nurs*for retrieving nurse and nurses. In the search process, abbreviations used was PPU for patients with peptic ulcers. Wildcards were utilized for trying different spellings for patient skin colour and color were searched with the ? symbol. These all were implemented on a trial and error basis but could not retrieve relevant results of the search. Table: Searched Keywords P Population / Problem I Intervention O Outcome Patients with Pressure Ulcers Acute challenges Communication challenges Responsibility of the Nurses Capabilities Support surface Nursing knowledge proficiency Professional ethics Moral values Patient care Patient compliance Patient contentment Efficient care Respect and dignity A detailed account of the search strategy and the results has been provided in the appendix. Results The appropriate research articles retrieved by means of the search keywords have been provided below. Alanen, J. and Muli, R., 2015. ASSESSMENT TOOLS FOR PRESSURE ULCERS. Barker, A.L., Kamar, J., Tyndall, T.J., White, L., Hutchinson, A., Klopfer, N. and Weller, C., 2013. Implementation of pressure ulcer prevention best practice recommendations in acute care: An observational study.International wound journal,10(3), pp.313-320. Gillespie, B.M., Chaboyer, W.P., McInnes, E., Kent, B., Whitty, J.A. and Thalib, L., 2014. Repositioning for pressure ulcer prevention in adults.The Cochrane Library. Lawrence, P., Fulbrook, P. and Miles, S., 2015. A Survey of Australian Nurses' Knowledge of Pressure Injury/Pressure Ulcer Management.Journal of Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing,42(5), pp.450-460. McInnes, E., Jammali-Blasi, A., Bell-Syer, S., Dumville, J. and Cullum, N., 2012. Preventing pressure ulcersAre pressure-redistributing support surfaces effective? A Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of nursing studies,49(3), pp.345-359. Article No. Reference Study Design Population P Intervention I Outcomes O 1. Alanen and Muli (2015) Survey questionnaire Survey conducting nurses with six ethnic groups of patients in the US in 15 focus groups of patients with pressure ulcers Assessment of the cultural and ethnic preferences among the patients with pressure ulcers and the influence of the nursing intervention Nurses face acute challenges and dilemma while caring for the patients with pressure ulcers 2. Barker et al. (2013) Qualitative study 20 nurses in 4 focus groups with 5 7 participants in each group Patterns of Communication between the nurses and the patients with pressure ulcers who are admitted to the acute care setting Cultural and linguistic factors directly affect the beliefs of the nurses for pain treatment for the patients having pressure ulcers 3. Gillespie et al. (2014) Qualitative survey 120 students of nursing with 60 junior and 60 senior nursing students Question-based research was performed to gather the experience of the nursing students regarding the nursing intervention for pressure ulcers Summing up the student experiences for proficiency and improving their knowledge for their future profession 4. Lawrence et al. (2015) Survey questionnaire 20 nurse managers involved in nursing practice Exploration of the perception of the nursing managers involved in the care of patients suffering from pressure ulcers Language barriers have been identified as the most important and complex problem in the patient nurse association 5. McInnes et al. (2012) Systematic review of literature Advanced practice nurses providing cancer care to the patients having pressure ulcers Decision making for cancer care is influenced by the cultural belief systems Requirement of nursing education program for addressing the needs of the patients having pressure ulcers who are admitted to the acute care settings. Discussion This research assessment has enhanced my understanding regarding the evidence-based practice for nursing. The identification of related research articles and writing a research question has helped me enormously in understanding the challenges that are faced buy the professionals of nursing. It has helped me to discover the ways to deal with the challenges that are faced by the nurses in acute care and long-term settings for the care of the patients having pressure ulcers. Besides this, I have learned the methods of database search by utilizing the key features of Abbreviation, Boolean, Wildcard and truncation. I have developed a comprehensible knowledge of the process of inclusion as well as exclusion of the key search words and finding out the appropriateness of the searched literature. My understanding has intensified and my skills have been enhanced concerning the search string for the literature that explains the profile of nursing care for the patients suffering from pressure ul cers, who are admitted to the acute care settings. The experiences of the nurses with these patients sought for the knowledge required to offer care oriented around an individual and conventional viewpoint. The nurses faced a number of challenges and quandaries with the patients as well as their families while working with these patients (Flood et al. 2015). For accommodating the patients who are suffering from pressure ulcers, it was considered that adequate knowledge and guidance is necessary. To prepare the future nursing professionals to face this challenges efficiently, they should be exposed to the present situation and train them to make them capable enough to face these acute challenges. Besides all these, the healthcare system should enhance its flexibility, the number of health workers must be augmented and interpreters should be easily available (Ozyurek and Yavuz 2015). Sometimes the issue of communication gap arises as a hurdle in the treatment and care of the patients and as a result, the relationship of the patient and the nurse is never developed. An improper communication leads to gaps in the process of treatment and care and it sometimes becomes critical if the patients are suffering from long-term diseases (Cullum et al. 2013). The nurses possess sympathy for the patients and have an optimistic attitude towards facing the acute challenges associated with the care of the patient. In order to enhance the effectual treatment of the patients, the nurses reveal the readiness to augment their knowledge for learning the cultural diversity (Moore et al. 2014). They strive constantly to attain the capability to work within the perspective of the patient. They work on the efforts to become more well-informed and aware that makes easy the communication with the patient population together with their families. Since this investigational learning occurred in a variety of workplaces, there were possibilities of spreading of the erroneous cultural information (Barry and Nugent 2015). This raised the actuality that there is a necessity of programs of staff improvement that provide opportunities to the nurses as well as the nursing managers to talk about the concerns of patient care (Lachenbruch et al. 2016). As the worldwide mobility of the population of patients increases in the facilities of acute care in Australia, its population has become more ethnically diverse than ever. The professionals of nursing staff are required to work with the patients (Schoeps et al. 2016). Consequently, it is becoming gradually more challenging to the nurses to provide acute care to the individuals who are suffering from pressure ulcers and provide them with support surface such as static or dynamic support surfaces depending on the condition of the patient (Engels et al. 2016). The recognition of the experiences of the nurses for the caring of the patients who are in the acute care settings has a noteworthy contribution towards the knowledge of nursing (Chaboyer and Gillespie 2014). This can be performed by the recognition on the basis of efficient knowledge in the place of work and comprises of the sources such as health workers, the patients as well as their families, who can extensively assist in att aining the knowledge in an efficient manner. References Barry, M. and Nugent, L., 2015. Pressure ulcer prevention in frail older people.Nursing Standard,30(16), pp.50-60. Chaboyer, W. and Gillespie, B.M., 2014. Understanding nurses' views on a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle: a first step towards successful implementation.Journal of clinical nursing,23(23-24), pp.3415-3423. Cullum, N., Ciliska, D., Haynes, B. and Marks, S. eds., 2013.Evidence-based nursing: an introduction. John Wiley Sons. Demarr, L., Verhaeghe, S., Van Hecke, A., Grypdonck, M., Clays, E., Vanderwee, K. and Beeckman, D., 2013. The effectiveness of three types of alternating pressure air mattresses in the prevention of pressure ulcers in Belgian hospitals.Research in nursing health,36(5), pp.439-452. Engels, D., Austin, M., McNichol, L., Fencl, J., Gupta, S. and Kazi, H., 2016. Pressure Ulcers: Factors Contributing to Their Development in the OR.AORN journal,103(3), pp.271-281. Fleming, E., 2015. An exploration of the patient and family or carer experience of implementing the pressure ulcer prevention care bundle (known as SSKIN) within a regional quality improvement collaborative. Flood, K.L., Booth, K., Pierluissi, E., Danto-Nocton, E.S., Kresevic, D.M. and Palmer, R.M., 2015. Acute Care for Elders. InGeriatrics Models of Care(pp. 3-23). Springer International Publishing. Huang, L., Woo, K.Y., Liu, L.B., Wen, R.J., Hu, A.L. and Shi, C.G., 2015. Dressings for Preventing Pressure Ulcers: A Meta-analysis.Advances in skin wound care,28(6), pp.267-273. Lachenbruch, C., Ribble, D., Emmons, K. and VanGilder, C., 2016. Pressure Ulcer Risk in the Incontinent Patient: Analysis of Incontinence and Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcers From the International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Survey.Journal of Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing,43(3), pp.235-241. Mallah, Z., Nassar, N. and Badr, L.K., 2015. The effectiveness of a pressure ulcer intervention program on the prevalence of hospital acquired pressure ulcers: Controlled before and after study.Applied Nursing Research,28(2), pp.106-113.